Approved by: Graduate Council
Implementation Date: Summer 2013
Note: Deletions are strikethroughs. Insertions are underlined.
Catalog Copy
Ph.D. In Business Administration
Website
phd-business.uncc.edu
Program Coordinator
Dr. Chris Kirby
The Ph.D. in Business Administration is a research-oriented program designed to prepare graduates for teaching and research careers in academia. The program includes core courses covering all business specialties combined with an in-depth study in both theoretical and empirical aspects of the major and minor field. Students also receive training in pedagogy. Students are expected to demonstrate mastery of the existing body of knowledge in their major field and to develop new knowledge through original independent research. With the educational background provided by the program, graduates are qualified for tenure-track professor positions at both national and international research and teaching universities and other educational institutions.
Additional Admission Requirements
All applicants seeking admission into the Ph.D. in Business Administration must fulfill the University’s general requirements for graduate admission at the Ph.D. level. Additional requirements for admission into the program are listed below.
- A baccalaureate or master’s degree in Business, Economics, or a related field with a minimum undergraduate GPA of 3.5 (A=4.0) overall. In the case a candidate presents a master’s degree at application, a minimum graduate GPA of 3.25 (A=4.0) on all graduate coursework is required.
- A GMAT score of at least 650 or GRE scores with scores on the quantitative section of at least 700 and on the verbal section of at least 500.
- For non-native speakers of English that do not hold degrees from a US university, a score of 220 on the computer-based TOEFL, a score of 557 on the paper-based TOEFL, or 85% on the MELAB.
- Non-native speakers of English may be required, at the discretion of the Graduate School or the Program Director for the Ph.D. in Business Administration, to enroll in English as a Second Language (ESL) courses at the English Language Training Institute.
- Three positive letters of recommendation, one of which must be from a former professor.
- A Statement of Purpose from the applicant explaining why they wish to pursue a Ph.D. in Business Administration and why they wish to study the specific area to which they are applying.
- To ensure their preparation for doctoral coursework, students may be required to take additional undergraduate or graduate courses, as determined by the Ph.D. in Business Administration Program Committee and the Program Director. Such courses will be specified at the time of admission into the program and may include courses in finance, economics, accounting, marketing, management, operations management, management information systems, mathematics, or statistics.
Students are admitted to the program by the Dean of the Graduate School based on the recommendation of the Belk College of Business Doctoral Program Director, in consultation with the Belk College of Business Doctoral Program Committee. Recommendations are based on the assessments of the Program Director and the Program Committee of the candidate’s ability to complete the program, as supported by the application materials. The Program Director, in consultation with the Program Committee, may waive certain requirements if they judge the candidate to be capable of completing the program. If there are more candidates than can be accommodated, candidates are recommended in order of their perceived ability, promise of success, and suitability to the program.
Degree Requirements
The degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration is awarded for completion of scholarly research that advances knowledge in the field of research. Evidence of this is demonstrated by a successful dissertation defense. Additionally, recipients of this degree must demonstrate mastery of the body of knowledge within their major field and potential for success in future teaching and research.
Students that enter the program must work with the Program Director to develop a Plan of Study during their first two semesters in the program. This Plan of Study will determine the exact coursework that the student must meet in order to be eligible to take the Qualifying Examination. The Plan of Study must meet all Graduate School and Belk College of Business requirements. The Graduate School requires that any student earning a Ph.D. must complete at least 72 post-baccalaureate semester-hours, including at least 18 hours of dissertation credit. Some of these graduate credit hours may include courses taken while enrolled in other graduate programs. It is a Belk College of Business requirement that any program of study within the Ph.D. in Business Administration must contain at least 42 semester-hours of doctoral coursework, regardless of other graduate hours that the student may have previously earned. These 42 semester hours are in addition to the minimum 18 hours of dissertation credit that the Graduate School requires. The Plan of Study must contain a minimum of 18 hours in the major field, a minimum of 15 hours in the minor field, and a minimum of 9 hours in research-support courses.
In addition to the general requirements above, if a student enters the program without a Master’s degree, the Plan of Study must include an additional 30 hours of coursework. This coursework must be taken at the graduate level and will generally include courses that are part of the Master of Accountancy, Master of Business Administration, Master of Science in Economics, or Master of Science in Mathematical Finance programs. These 30 hours of additional coursework are subject to the approval of the Program Director.
To ensure that all students are ready for doctoral courses in Business Administration, the program has two distinct sets of prerequisites. First, students entering the program must either demonstrate or attain proficiency in each of the business specialties. Second, students must also demonstrate or attain mathematical proficiency. Students entering the program will be evaluated for these proficiencies by the Program Director. If a student is found to be deficient then the Plan of Study must include appropriate courses, as determined by the Program Director, from the Business Core and Mathematical prerequisites listed below. These courses are in addition to the major, minor, and research support courses.
Business Core
To ensure their preparation for doctoral level coursework in all business specialties, students most must demonstrate proficiency in the Business Core. Students may satisfy this requirement either by taking the following courses or by having previously taken equivalent courses:
MBAD 5112/5113 Economics (3)
MBAD 5121 Business Information Systems (3)
MBAD 5131 Accounting & Financial Management (3)
MBAD 6152 Financial Management (3)
MBAD 6171 Marketing Management (3)
MBAD 6194 Global Strategic Management (3)
For the 5000-level courses listed above, graduate or undergraduate courses may count as equivalent courses. Students who lack sufficient preparation in accounting, economics, or information systems may, at the discretion of the Program Director, be required to complete one or more 5000-level business courses in these disciplines. For the 6000-level courses listed above, only graduate courses may count as equivalent courses. However, students may, at the discretion of the Program Director, be permitted to take other 6000-level or higher-level courses in place of those listed above if the student’s background indicates that this would benefit the student.
Mathematics Prerequisites
The only major available to students enrolled in the Ph.D. in Business Administration program is finance, and all finance students must minor in economics. Finance and economics are mathematically intensive fields. To ensure that students are prepared for doctoral level coursework they are required to have had, at the graduate or undergraduate level, the equivalent of the following courses:
MATH 1241 Calculus I (3)
MATH 1242 Calculus II (3)
MATH 2164 Linear Algebra (3)
MATH 2241 Calculus III (3)
MATH 3122/3123 Probability & Statistics (3)
Students lacking these mathematics courses will generally be allowed to take those courses at either the graduate or undergraduate level. At the Program Director’s discretion, a student may be permitted to take combined courses to meet multiple prerequisites.
Although unlikely, it is possible that a student may enter the program without having taken a specific prerequisite or business core course but has, nevertheless, acquired the same skill and technical abilities that the course would convey. In such cases, the Program Director may waive the course.
Students who lack strong computer programming skills may be advised to take programming courses offered by the College of Informatics. Specifically, the Program Director may advise a student to take ITCS 1212 Introduction to Computer Science (C++) or other similar courses after reviewing the student’s background and prior programming experience.
Finance Major Courses
The Plan of Study for the finance major must consist of a minimum of six courses in finance. Normally these courses are:
BPHD 8200 Financial Economic Theory I (3)
BPHD 8210 Investments and Portfolio Theory (3)
BPHD 8220 Asset Pricing Financial Economic Theory II (3)
BPHD 8230 Theory of Corporate Finance (3)
BPHD 8240 Derivatives (3)
BPHD 8650 Advanced Seminar in Finance (3)
Two of these courses, BPHD 8200 and BPHD 8240, are cross-listed with courses that are part of the Master of Science in Economics and the Master of Science in Mathematical Finance programs. Ph.D. students in these cross-listed courses will be required to complete the master’s level requirements of the course and in addition, will be required to take separate exams, prepare a research paper, and complete additional readings. Students that have taken those equivalent courses may, at the discretion of the Program Director, substitute additional sections of BPHD 8650 on their Plan of Study for those courses. In addition, the Program Director may require a student to list BPHD 8650 more than once in their Plan of Study as topics change.
Economics Minor Courses
The Plan of Study for an economics minor must consist of five courses in economics. These courses are:
BPHD 8100 Microeconomic Theory I (3)
BPHD 8110 Microeconomic Theory II (3)
BPHD 8120 Econometrics I (3)
BPHD 8130 Econometrics II (3)
BPHD 8140 Econometrics III (3)
Exceptions to the economics minor courses may only be made with the permission of the Ph.D. Program Director.
Research Support Courses
The Ph.D. in Business Administration requires that students have at least nine hours of research support courses in their Plan of Study. For the finance major, these research support courses must come from the Department of Mathematics and Statistics or Department of Economics. Students are required to choose three courses from the following list of courses: These courses are:
MATH 8202 Partial Differential Equations for Finance (3)
MATH 8203 Stochastic Calculus for Finance (3)
MATH 8204 Numerical Methods for Financial Derivatives (3)
ECON 6257 Applied Computational Economics (3)
MATH 6205 Financial Computing (3)
Some of theThe research support courses are cross-listed with courses used in the Master of Mathematical Finance program. Students that have taken those equivalent courses may, at the discretion of the Program Director, take other mathematics, statistics, economics, finance or related courses in place of the courses specified above.
Grades
A student is expected to earn an A or B in all courses included in the program of study and must have at least a 3.0 GPA to graduate. The dissertation is graded on a Pass/Unsatisfactory basis and, therefore, will not be included in the cumulative average. An accumulation of more than two marginal (C) grades will result in suspension of the student’s enrollment in the program. If a student earns a grade of U in any course, their enrollment will be suspended and the student cannot take further coursework without being readmitted to the program. Readmission to the program requires approval of the Dean of the Graduate School upon the recommendation of the Program Director.
Teaching Mentor and Pedagogy Training
To ensure that graduates of the program are prepared for a career in both teaching as well as in research, a formal system of pedagogical training is required. Students that enter the program without prior teaching experience will be assigned a faculty Teaching Mentor and will be required to attend a teaching workshop. Most students entering the program will also initially be employed as teaching assistants. Normally after one year in the program students will begin to teach their own sections of undergraduate courses. The combination of mentoring, apprenticeship training through the teaching assistantships, formal pedagogy, and actual instructor experience will allow students in the program to develop their teaching skills along with their research skills.
Diagnostic Evaluation
Students entering the program will take a diagnostic evaluation at the end of their first full year in the program. The diagnostic examination will be administered by the Program Director, in consultation with the Program Committee. The format of the diagnostic examination will be determined by the Committee, but might consist of a review of the student’s work in classes, a written exam, or an oral exam. The purpose of the diagnostic evaluation will be to determine whether the student is making sufficient progress toward the degree. Students that are determined not to be making satisfactory progress toward the degree will be suspended from the program.
Dissertation Advisor and Advisory Committee
Every student in the program must have a Dissertation Advisor and an Advisory Committee prior to being admitted to Candidacy. The student should select a dissertation advisor before the end of the second year of residency. The student and the dissertation advisor jointly determine the advisory committee. The Dissertation Advisor serves as Chair of the Advisory Committee and must be a member of the Graduate Faculty of UNC Charlotte. Normally the Dissertation Advisor for a student majoring in finance will be a member of the Department of Finance. A student may petition the Program Director to allow a member of another department within the Belk College, or a member of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, to serve as their Dissertation Advisor. The advisory committee must have at least four members, three of which are chosen by the student. Normally two members will be from the student’s major field, and one from the student’s minor field. A student may petition the Program Director to allow a member of another department within the Belk College, or a member of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics to serve on the Committee. The fourth member of the committee will be the Graduate Faculty representative to the Committee. That member will be appointed by the Dean of the Graduate School. All members of the Committee must be members of the UNC Charlotte Graduate Faculty.
Qualifying Examination
Upon completion of all required coursework on their Plan of Study, a student must take the Qualifying Examination. The Qualifying Examination is held twice per year. Students that have completed their Program of Study must take the qualifying examination the first time that it is offered. The Comprehensive Exam will be a written exam consisting of two four-hour sessions, administered on consecutive days. The intent of the Qualifying Examination is to test the student’s mastery of the body of knowledge in their major, and to demonstrate their familiarity with current research in the field. The qualifying exam will, therefore, cover topics addressed during doctoral coursework, seminars, and in the recent scholarly literature. The Qualifying Examination will be written and graded by an Examination Committee appointed by the Program Director. This committee will normally consist of faculty from the student’s major, minor, and research support fields.
If a student fails the Qualifying Examination at the first attempt, they must retake the exam the next time it is offered. During the interim period, the student may be required to retake courses in which, in the eyes of the Examination Committee, they have a deficiency. It is Graduate School policy that a student who fails the Qualifying Examination twice will be terminated from the program.
Admission to Candidacy
The dissertation topic may be proposed after the student has passed the Qualifying Examination. Pursuant to Graduate School rules, a doctoral student advances to candidacy after the student’s Advisory Committee and the Dean of the Graduate School approve the dissertation topic. Further pursuant to Graduate School rules, candidacy must be achieved at least six months before the degree is conferred.
Dissertation
The student must complete and defend a dissertation based on a research program approved by the student’s Dissertation Advisor and Advisory Committee which results in a high-quality, original and substantial piece of research. The student must orally present and defend the dissertation before the Advisory Committee in a defense that is open to the University Community. A copy of the dissertation must be made available to the Graduate Faculty of the Belk College at least three weeks prior to the public defense. While the defense is open to the University Community, the deliberations of the Advisory Committee are held in Executive Session. The dissertation will be graded on a pass/unsatisfactory basis by the Advisory Committee and the Dean of the Graduate School.
The dissertation defense is the final examination. It is a Graduate School requirement that a student that fails the final examination twice will be terminated from the program.
Residency Requirement
The Ph.D. in Business Administration is a full-time program. Normally students must enroll for at least nine credit hours during each semester of the regular academic year (i.e., fall and spring) and at least six hours in the summer semester. Students may petition the Program Director for permission to enroll in less than nine semester hours (six semester hours in summer) in cases of hardship or other emergencies. Students that have passed their Qualifying Examinations must enroll in BPHD 8999 – Doctoral Dissertation Research for at least 9 hours during the fall and spring semester and 6 hours during the summer semester. It is a Graduate School requirement that a student must enroll in at least 18 total hours of Dissertation Research in order to graduate from the program.
Students that have completed all degree requirements, including the Dissertation Defense, may enroll once in BPHD 9999 –Doctoral Degree Graduate Residency Credit in order to meet Graduate School Residency requirements.
Assistantships
A number of graduate assistantships are available each year for qualified applicants. The Graduate School also has a limited number of fellowships available for highly qualified applicants.
Language Requirement
The program has no foreign language requirement.
Transfer Credit
Only courses with grades of A or B from an appropriate doctoral program at an AACSB accredited school may be accepted for transfer credit. Transfer credit must be approved by the Program Director, and cannot exceed the limit set by the Graduate School.
Time Limit for Degree Completion
The student must achieve candidacy for the Ph.D. degree within six years of enrolling in the program, and the student must complete all degree all requirements within eight years of enrolling in the program. All courses listed on the Plan of Study must also meet Graduate School time requirements.
Application for Degree
Each student should make application for his/her degree by completing the online Application for Degree through Banner Self Service no later than the filing date specified in the University Academic Calendar.
Doctoral Courses In Business Administration (BPHD)
BPHD 8100. Microeconomic Theory I. (3) Prerequisite: Admission to Ph.D. in Business Administration or Permission of Instructor. Theories of the firm, of the consumer, and of resource owners; determination of prices under different market structures; general equilibrium analysis and welfare economics. (Fall)
BPHD 8110. Microeconomic Theory II. (3) Prerequisite: BPHD 8100. Study of game theory, its applications in microeconomic theory and finance, and topics on market equilibrium and market failure. The topics cover simultaneous-move games, dynamic games, analysis of competitive markets, market power, adverse selection and the principal-agent problem. (Spring)
BPHD 8120. Econometrics I. (3) Prerequisites: Admission to the Ph.D. in Business Administration or Permission of Instructor. Advanced study of the theory and application of statistics to economic problems. Topics include the derivation of least squares estimators, maximum likelihood estimation, and problems of multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation. (Fall)
BPHD 8130. Econometrics II. (3) Prerequisite: BPHD 8120. Advanced course in time series econometrics. The course focuses on time series methods that have become popular and are widely used in applied economics. The course focuses on estimation of univariate and multivariate models (VAR, FAVAR, ECM, and SEM), estimation of dynamic factor models, construction of optimal forecasts and their properties, combination of forecasts. Issues of nonstationarity, cointegration are also examined. (Spring).
BPHD 8130. Econometrics II. (3) Prerequisite: BPHD 8120. Advanced course in cross section and panel data methods. The focus is on underlying assumptions regarding the population, specification, estimation, and testing of microeconometric models. Students will become acquainted with a variety of extensions of conventional linear models for cross-sectional and panel data, including panel data models, instrumental variables models, simultaneous equations models, and qualitative response models. (Spring).
BPHD 8140. Econometrics III. (3) Prerequisite: BPHD 8130. Advanced study of the econometric methods applicable to financial economic modeling. Examines the predictability of stock market returns, the event study methodology, single factor and multifactor models, basic principles of portfolio theory and portfolio evaluation. The course also covers topics on volatility modeling and fixed-income securities. (Fall)
BPHD 8200. Financial Economic Theory. (3) Prerequisites: Admission to Ph.D. in Business Administration or Permission of Instructor. Studies the main themes of financial economics using discrete-time models. Topics include risk measurement, choice under uncertainty, portfolio selection, capital asset pricing model (CAPM), Arrow-Debreu pricing, options and market completeness, the Martingale measure, the arbitrage pricing theory, consumption-based CAPM, and financial structure and firm evaluation. (Fall)
BPHD 8200. Financial Economic Theory I. (3) Prerequisites: Admission to Ph.D. in Business Administration or Permission of Instructor. Studies the main themes of financial economics using discrete-time models. Topics include mean-variance analysis, risk management principle, capital asset pricing model (CAPM), linear factor model, the arbitrage pricing theory, market completes, consumption-based CAPM, multiperiod consumption and portfolio choice, market equilibrium, and contingent claim pricing. (Fall)
BPHD 8210. Investments and Portfolio Theory. (3) Prerequisites: BPHD 8200. Detailed introduction to modern investment and portfolio theory, including asset pricing. Covers standard and non-standard CAPM analysis, APT, stochastic dominance, efficient frontier analysis, optimal portfolio selection, fixed income and bond portfolios, options, futures pricing and evaluation of portfolio performance. The goal of the course is to provide a solid foundation in investments for students who will take further advanced courses in asset pricing. (Spring)
BPHD 8220. Asset Pricing. (3) Prerequisites: BPHD 8210. Introduction to multi-period models in finance, mainly pertaining to optimal portfolio choice and asset pricing. The course begins with discrete-time models for portfolio choice and security prices, and then moves to a continuous-time setting. The topics then covered include the Black-Scholes model of asset pricing and some of its extensions, models of the term structure of interest rates, valuation of corporate securities, portfolio choice in continuous-time settings, and finally, general-equilibrium asset pricing models. (Fall)
BPHD 8220. Financial Economic Theory II. (3) Prerequisites: BPHD 8210. Introduction to asset pricing and portfolio choice theory. The course begins with discrete-time models, and then moves to a continuous-time setting. The topics covered include arbitrage, stochastic discount factors, beta pricing models, factor models, dynamic programming, derivative securities and models of the term structure of interest rates. (Fall)
BPHD 8230. Theory of Corporate Finance. (3) Prerequisites: BPHD 8200. The course covers the theory and evidence concerning major corporate financial policy issues including capital structure, payout policy, security design and issuance, capital budgeting, mergers and acquisitions, agency theory and financial contracting, and the market for corporate control. (Spring)
BPHD 8240. Derivatives. (3) Prerequisites: BPHD 8200. Theory and practice of financial derivatives markets including forwards, futures, options and interest rate markets. Topics include the economics of derivatives markets, pricing models for instruments in these markets, strategies for hedging and speculation, as well as regulatory and governance issues. Special attention is placed on the development of pricing models and advanced analytic techniques. (Fall)
BPHD 8650. Advanced Seminar in Finance. (3) Prerequisites: Permission of Instructor. This course covers advanced topics in Finance. Topics will vary. May be repeated for credit for different topics. (On demand)
BPHD 8999. Doctoral Dissertation Research. (1-9) Prerequisite: Admission to Candidacy for the Ph.D. in Business Administration. Each student will initiate and conduct an individual investigation culminating in the preparation and presentation of a doctoral dissertation. (On demand)
BPHD 9999. Doctoral Degree Graduate Residency Credit. (1) Meets Graduate School requirement for continuous enrollment during final term prior to graduation when all coursework has been completed. Pass/Unsatisfactory grading. Credit for this course does not count toward the degree. (On demand)
Research Support Courses (MATH)
MATH 8202. Partial Differential Equations for Finance. (3) Cross-listed as MATH 6202. This course deals with those partial differential equations which are associated with financial derivatives based on factors such as equities and spot interest rates. (Fall)
MATH 8203. Stochastic Calculus for Finance. (3) Cross-listed as MATH 6203. An introduction to those aspects of partial differential equations and diffusion processes most relevant to finance, Random walk and first-step analysis, Markov property, martingales and semi-martingales, Brownian motion. Stochastic differential equations: Ito’s lemma, backward and forward Kolmogorov equations, the Feynman-Kac formula, stopping times, Hull and White Models, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross Model. Applications to finance including portfolio optimization and option pricing. (Spring)
MATH 8204. Numerical Methods for Financial Derivatives. (3) Cross-listed as MATH 6204. This course will introduce students to numerical and computational techniques for solving both European- and American-style financial derivatives. The approach will be the finite difference method and the basic theoretical concepts will be introduced. Final projects will involve implementing the techniques on computers. Some spectral and Monte Carlo methods will also be discussed. (Fall)
ECON 6257. Applied Computational Economics. (3) Prerequisites: ECON 6201 and ECON 6202 or permission of the program coordinator. This course introduces computational approaches for solving economic models. Topics include: interpolation and approximation techniques, numerical optimization, numerical solutions to systems of nonlinear equations, quadrature formulas for numerical integration, Monte Carlo simulation, and basic solution algorithms for economic dynamics. (On Demand)
MATH 6205. Financial Computing. (3) This lab oriented course introduces the numerical methods needed for quantitative work in finance, focusing on derivative pricing and fixed income applications. Topics include: binomial and trinomial methods, Crank-Nicholson methods for various exotic options, treatment of discrete dividends, numerical methods for stochastic differential equations, random number generators, Monte-Carlo methods for European and American options. The computing course teaches theory and practice of numerical finance as well as the programming skills needed to build software systems in C/C++, Java, Javascript, and Mathematica/Matlab. (Fall)